| Field notes | Cespitose, stem to 3.5 m, 5 cm diam. Spiny on internodes. Leaf spines black, slightly flattened, on sheath, petiole and rachis, to 5 cm. No tomentum. Pinnae ca. 17 per side, middle ones 45x6 cm, acuminate, inserted in groups, spreading in different planes, large apical pinnae; blade 1.5x0.8 cm |