| Field notes | Cespitose, but only one stem developed and suckers at base; stem 170 cm x 2.5 cm, internodes 5-6 cm long, with ring of thin black spines just below nodes to 4 cm long; leaves erect and arching, 4, sheath 35 cm long, densely spiny with round brown spines to 4 cm long; petiole 25 cm long rounded below, flat above with spines simular to sheath but fewer; rachis 85 cm long, rounded below with spines like petiole, ridged above, covered with 1 mm prickly hairs; pinnae 18 per side in groups of 2-4, in several planes, basal pinnae 12 x 2.5 cm; middle pinnae 27 x 5.5 cm; apical pinnae 22 x 7 cm. Inflorescence bud interfoliar, erect, peduncle 80 cm long, 6-7 mm wide covered with fine 1 cm long spines. Rachis 15 cm long, rachillae 6, 5 cm or more long (taken from old inflorescence). |