| Field notes | Solitary. Stem 50 cm, 3 cm diam., heavily armed with spines to 4 cm. Leaves 15; sheath 15 cm, open to base, armed with black spines to 3 cm; petiole 25 cm, bending away from stem in a 90° curve, armed with many black spines to 7 cm; rachis 130 cm, with few spines to 7 cm; pinnae 14 per side, inserted in pairs, basal pinnae 28 x 7 cm, middle pinnae 21 x 14 cm (lower of a pair), 32 x 14 cm (upper of a pair), apical pinnae 26 x 10 cm. Inflorescence interfoliar, erect, reaching above the leaves; prophyll 21 x 2 cm, unarmed; peduncular bract 40 cm; peduncle 106 x 0.5 cm, flattened apical part armed with slender spines to 2 cm; rachis 27 cm. |